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Workers’ Comp Audits: What They Are and How to Prepare

If the phrase workers’ comp audit makes your stomach drop, you're not alone. Most small business owners—especially those juggling payroll, compliance, and everything in between—see it as a red flag or worse, a penalty waiting to happen. The truth? It’s not a punishment. It’s a check-up, and with a little preparation, it can be no big deal.

Let’s break it down simply, so you can move from "What the heck is this?" to "I've got this."

What Is a Workers’ Comp Audit, Really?

It’s Not an IRS Audit—Take a Breath

First, let’s clear the air: this isn’t the IRS combing through your tax returns. A workers’ comp audit is when your insurance carrier reviews your actual payroll and job classifications to ensure you paid the right premium based on actual risk. That’s it. No hidden traps. No fines (unless something major is way off).

Why Insurers Do It

Insurance companies base your premium on estimated payroll for the year. But let’s be real—business changes. You might grow, hire more staff, or shift roles. The audit is a chance to reconcile the numbers and adjust the premium accordingly. You might even get money back if you overpaid. So yes, it’s worth getting right.

What Triggers a Workers’ Comp Audit?

Annual Policy Reviews

Most audits happen automatically when your policy renews. The insurance company wants to verify whether the payroll you projected aligns with what actually happened over the past year.

Payroll vs. Class Code Checks

The second part they’re looking at? How employees are classified. Each role has a class code that reflects its risk. For example, an office admin and a delivery driver don’t pose the same liability. If someone is in the wrong bucket, it could result in under- or over-paying—and the audit is their way of fixing that.

How to Prepare for a Workers’ Comp Audit Without the Headache

Gather the Right Documents

You don’t need a three-ring binder, but having your ducks in a row is key. Typically, you'll need:

  • Payroll records (941s, W-2s, and pay stubs)

  • Tax documents

  • Subcontractor info (with certificates of insurance)

  • Job descriptions and employee class codes

Having these ready means fewer follow-up calls and less back-and-forth.

Keep Clean Records Year-Round

You don’t need to scramble at audit time if you’ve been tracking properly all year. That means:

  • Keeping job roles and duties updated

  • Making sure subcontractors have proper documentation

  • Avoiding "misc" categories for wages

The cleaner your data, the quicker the process.

Common Mistakes to Avoid During an Audit

Guessing on Payroll

Ballparking numbers or rounding off figures isn’t just risky—it’s the #1 reason for audit stress. Use actual records. Your payroll provider or bookkeeper should be able to pull this info in minutes.

Misclassifying Employees

This happens more often than you’d think. Let’s say your marketing person starts helping out with customer deliveries. That shift in job duties may mean a different risk classification. If you don’t track that, it could mean penalties or back premiums.

And if you’re using family or part-time help? Yep, they count too.

Workers’ Comp Audits Don’t Have to Be Scary

You started your business to build something—not to get stuck worrying about insurance audits. With some thoughtful prep and a good payroll partner, audits can be a routine task instead of a source of anxiety.

Notice: This generic information is not intended to be taken as tax, legal, benefits, financial, or HR advice. Since rules and regulations change over time and can vary (by industry, entity type, and locale), consult your accountant, lawyer, and/or HR expert for specific guidance.
Scott Patterson

Scott Patterson

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